Eye surgery, also called ocular surgery, is usually surgery done on the eye itself or its external adnexa, usually by an optometrist. The eye is a delicate organ, which needs extreme care prior, during, and even after a surgery procedure to prevent or limit further damage to the eye. Even the smallest cuts or punctures in the eye can create tears, capsular contracture, or other complications that can be extremely painful and even deadly. By consulting with an eye doctor early, these risks can be avoided, or if there is a chance they could be caused, the eye doctor can either remove the offending substance or perform another type of procedure to eliminate the threat.
The most common eye surgery is refractive eye surgery or LASIK. This procedure reshapes the cornea to alter its curvature and allows for the change in vision. With refractive eye surgery, the doctor can reshape the cornea to make it smaller, flatten the middle so that more light can enter, or allow for a wave through the center to allow for better vision. This can help to correct any conditions that cause the eyes to bend and cause eye strain, such as straining the eyes while reading, driving, or sitting at a desk for long periods of time, or any other activities that require constant looking up. The most common types of refractive surgery include cataract surgery (for those who have existing cataracts), LASIK (for those who have difficulty with farsightedness), and REMS (for those who have eye problems caused by past or present eye injuries).
Another common eye surgery is blepharoplasty. This is done to correct vision problems caused by eye injuries, aging, or conditions such as macular degeneration, nearsightedness, astigmatism, or presbyopia. Blepharoplasty can also correct vision problems caused by eye cancer, tumor, or herpes zoster. The surgeon will use the patient's own eye tissues or some sort of artificial "eye" to perform this surgery. Sometimes, the surgeon will use a tiny instrument, called a speculum, to pull the eye back to make it easier to see the inside of the eye. Check out this page for more details about eye surgery.
Another type of eye surgery commonly done today is minimally invasive otoplasty. This involves a plastic or flexible tube or plastic wrap that is placed around the eye, with the surgeon then using instruments to reshape and reposition the eye. Generally, this type of surgery requires no anesthetic and provides almost instant results. However, before minimally invasive eye surgeries, a physician anesthesiologist must be present and help monitor the patient's responses to the anesthesia. The anesthesiologist will usually provide intravenous nitrous oxide to help relax the patient and minimize any muscle contractions.
Another eye surgery commonly performed today is a laser eye surgery for nearsightedness, farsightedness, or astigmatism. In this procedure, a laser or an instrument called an endoscope is used to make small incisions along the iris. Special lasers are then used to treat the areas in the iris that are causing the patient's vision to be fuzzy, blurred, or distorted. This procedure helps improve the patient's eyesight by correcting the problems associated with their eyes. Typically, patients can see close objects better after having this procedure than before having it.
Finally, surgeons may perform LASIK smile eye surgery on patients who have thin corneas. In this procedure, a thin piece of tissue known as a crescent sits on top of the iris of the patient. When the patient sees nearby lights, their cornea automatically flips over the crescent, thus eliminating the need for the surgeon to cut through the tissue during surgery. Because this type of surgery is much less invasive than other procedures, it often leads to fewer complications and more accurate results. Overall, the results of laser removes or undercorrections are usually far better than the results of surgical incisions. Check out this post for more details related to this article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_surgery.
